Asthma is a chronic lung condition characterized by inflammation of the airways, causing them to narrow and leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. Triggers, such as allergens or irritants, can provoke asthma symptoms and contribute to the chronic nature of the condition.

The causes of asthma are complex and involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic predisposition plays a role, and exposure to certain environmental elements during early childhood can contribute to the development of asthma. Common triggers include allergens like pollen, pet dander, and dust mites, as well as irritants such as tobacco smoke, air pollution, and respiratory infections.

Asthma treatment aims to manage symptoms, reduce inflammation, and improve airflow to the lungs. Long-term control medications, including inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and leukotriene modifiers, help prevent asthma symptoms. Quick-relief medications, such as short-acting bronchodilators, provide rapid relief during asthma attacks. Lifestyle modifications, including identifying and avoiding triggers, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and developing an asthma action plan, are integral components of asthma management. Regular monitoring and check-ups with healthcare professionals help ensure optimal control of the condition.