Insomnia involves persistent difficulty with sleep initiation, duration, consolidation, or quality that occurs despite adequate opportunities for sleep. It can be classified as acute (short-term) or chronic (lasting for at least three nights per week for three months or more). Understanding the nature of insomnia is crucial for effective management and improved sleep patterns.

The causes of insomnia are multifaceted and may include stress, anxiety, depression, irregular sleep schedules, poor sleep hygiene, medical conditions, or medications. Identifying and addressing the specific factors contributing to insomnia is fundamental for tailoring an effective treatment plan.

Treatment for insomnia involves a combination of behavioral, lifestyle, and, in some cases, pharmacological interventions. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a widely recognized and effective approach that focuses on changing thoughts and behaviors that interfere with sleep. Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, creating a relaxing bedtime routine, and optimizing the sleep environment, contribute to improved sleep hygiene. Medications, including sedative-hypnotics, may be prescribed for short-term relief in specific situations, but long-term reliance is generally avoided due to potential side effects.